Health and Safety Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Wellbeing and Safety Management - Assignment Example It is critical to underscore to representatives that they can speak unreservedly about wellbeing and security and that they have an assessable framework set up that gives an open straightforward channel by which they can voice their interests. It is essential to give a formal, booked gathering, or even a specially appointed open meeting to get normal feedback.â Simple structures posted on notice board declaring conversations on wellbeing and security issues are encouraged.â Every day, a normal of 9,000 U.S. laborers support debilitating wounds at work, 17 specialists bite the dust from a physical issue continued at work, and 137 specialists pass on from business related maladies. The monetary weight of this proceeding with cost is high. Information from government considers distributed in 1997 indicated that in 1992, immediate and circuitous expenses of word related wounds and sicknesses totaled $171 billion. These expenses are contrasted with costs for other significant medical issues in the graph at the highest point of the following page. The capacity and reason for guidelines are to give subtleties of necessities that must be seen in the workplace.â Regulations are the second level of current enactment. While they are subordinate to the current laws, they despite everything speak to lawful prerequisites, and inability to go along will for the most part be an offense deserving of a fine. The Act (Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995, is tied in with making work environments and work rehearses more secure for everybody.) (The State of Queensland (Department of Employment and Industrial Relations) 2006. comprehensively plots the legitimate commitments bosses and laborers need to working environment wellbeing and security. The Regulations set out objectives for meeting these lawful commitments and making working environments safe.â Employers and laborers can tailor wellbeing measures to the requirements of individual work environments gave the results indicated in the Regulations are accomplished.

The Problem Of Sweatshops - A Necessary Evil Research Paper

The Problem Of Sweatshops - A Necessary Evil - Research Paper Example In all actuality, the world’s economy empowers the advancement of enterprises in areas where an attractive item is abundant. In certain nations, there is an important regular asset like oil or minerals, and in others, there is acceptable land for horticulture. The one thing that numerous poor nations have in wealth is work. Nations like India and China which have immense populaces are hence alluring spots for internal speculation by organizations who need to keep their compensation costs low. A few sorts of assembling, similar to the dress and toy industry, requires a large number of laborers to complete the merchandise with hand work like sewing and painting. In China, there is additionally considerably less guideline as far as building guidelines, and sourcing of crude materials. This is on the grounds that China has the approach to extend its mechanical base and modernize its economy to contend on the planet. It is just characteristic that such a nation will abuse its funda mental favorable position of modest and copious work in this early development stage. Work guideline is costly, and Chinese industrial facilities need to keep being the most savvy spots to deliver mass items for the worldwide market. They are just after a similar way that progressively evolved countries previously needed to follow numerous prior decades. By and large, individuals have been deluded by the possibility that sweatshops were made as an approach to misuse work. Nonetheless, they frequently overlook that sweatshops have really given openings for work, capital venture, and monetary development for creating nations. ... untries like India and China which have enormous populaces are in this way appealing spots for internal venture by organizations who need to keep their pay costs low. A few sorts of assembling, similar to the dress and toy industry, requires a considerable number of laborers to complete the merchandise with hand work like sewing and painting. In China there is additionally considerably less guideline regarding building guidelines, and sourcing of crude materials. This is on the grounds that China has an approach to grow its mechanical base and modernize its economy to contend on the planet. It is just common that such a nation will misuse its principle preferred position of modest and abundant work in this early extension stage. Work guideline is costly, and Chinese industrial facilities need to keep being the most financially savvy spots to deliver mass items for the worldwide market. They are just after a similar way that progressively evolved countries previously needed to follow numerous prior decades. The Role of Sweatshops in a Developing Economy Generally, individuals have been misdirected by the possibility that sweatshops were made as an approach to abuse work. Notwithstanding, they frequently overlook that sweatshops have really given openings for work, capital speculation, and financial development for creating nations. Characteristically, we accept by the definition that sweatshop industrial facilities for the most part pay low wages, have poor working conditions, and require long lethal hours. In actuality, in spite of the fact that this is somewhat obvious, what’s increasingly significant is that sweatshops despite everything give openings for work and pay least wages as indicated by the country’s law. In many cases, American companies are put to fault for abusing this field, yet our center ought to be after upholding universal work guideline. For instance, Apple, Nike, Gap, Wal-Mart, and GE are broadly known for

Supply chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gracefully chain Management - Essay Example For example, a pharmaceutical or biotechnological organization typically handles short-lived merchandise that must be held under great natural conditions. In actuality, these conditions must be carefully clung to while moving and putting away the items in a stockroom. Be that as it may, an organization may come up short on these significant offices during transportation and distribution center and may successfully consider getting another organization best fitted to deal with such items during coordinations. In such manner, the organization contracted would keep up nature of the products. c) Develop a methodology, and afterward utilize explicit providers to complete very much characterized segments of the system. An administrator may utilize this system in the event of circumstances wherein there are requirements as far as assets accessible in the organization. For example, an organization with inward coordinations skill and endeavoring to extend its activity in the market may encoun ter budgetary tightening influences. In such manner, such an organization can utilize its inside coordinations ability to build up a methodology inside its tasks. ... In any case, the administrator in such an organization may consider re-appropriating its transportation and warehousing needs of its crude materials to an organization most appropriate to deal with this. Moreover, the organization may likewise get another organization to deal with the dispersion of its completed items. Question #2 a) Quick Response: In this organization, the retailer typically sets up the measure of request they have made and the spans in restocking up. Then again, the provider makes an investigation of the information from the retailer’s Point of Sale (POS) so as to build up their estimation and creation plans. In this way, the retailer is completely accountable for their stock and helps their provider in improving their capacities by making accessible POS information for the supplier’s examination. For this situation, this kind of framework is pivotal in occurrences that the retailer-provider relationship is in its underlying stages, or has quite rece ntly been set up and is in this manner new. In actuality, there is little trust between the two gatherings making it the more appropriate when contrasted with the two different organizations. Likewise, this sort of association is critical in examples where there is inaccessibility of effective and adequate staff and facial assets. Along these lines, this organization is more suitable than the others since money related and work force assets repress the improvement of an increasingly consolidated relationship while contrasted with VMI. b) Continuous recharging: In this kind of organization, there is shared trust between the retailer and the provider making it the best sort of association in contrast with a speedy reaction association. For this situation, the provider gets Point of Sale information from the retailer and makes shipments at interims dependent on an earlier understanding. In

Satire: High School Students

Parody How to Succeed in School Being a secondary school understudy with a decent lot of understanding and perception in the field of accomplishing passing marks with negligible exertion, I should get a kick out of the chance to present to present and future secondary school understudies some guidance that may prompt their prosperity. Before doing as such, I might want to clarify that I don't really support these strategies. It is recently seen that the utilization of these strategies is appeared to have worked with the absolute most profoundly positioned secondary school understudies, the â€Å"elite,† and here’s how they do it, and how you can too.Always hold up until the latest possible time. This may appear to be irrational, as instructors and guardians are continually advising understudies to not stall. In any case, delaying is the thing that drives an understudy to progress. Stalling gives an understudy the drive to complete that task or venture that was doled out weeks prior and is expected tomorrow. As time comes down, a student’s faculties become more keen, permitting them to concentrate on the undertaking at hand.How can one not appreciate the energy of finishing a task at the last possible second, or the pride felt when they have bested their companions in an opposition of who can get by with minimal measure of rest? This carries me to my second suggestion: stay in bed school. Secondary school life is incredibly occupied. Understudies must adjust homework, schoolwork, entertainment, rest, and a public activity. Since, coherently, entertainment must be done outside of school, schoolwork must be done at home, and a public activity must incorporate components outside of school, homework and rest ought to be done in school.Students as of now go through a decent eight hours in school. At that point a while later, they should finish long stretches of schoolwork at home. In this manner, it is just sensible that understudies utilize some educational time to make up for lost time with rest, as they should be revived so as to manage the enormous measure of schoolwork anticipating them after school. Study at last too. Instructors state that understudies should concentrate a little consistently. Notwithstanding, that doesn't help. When of the test, one will as of now have overlooked what they have realized in the start of the unit.Instead, if an understudy were to examine everything a minute ago, they would recall it for the test since they have quite recently taken a gander at it. You should examine the day preceding, and ideally, upon the arrival of the test to get most extreme scores. Focus in class. That implies, prepare for the instructor to approach you at any moment. It is critical to consistently recognize what is proceeding to abstain from resembling a moron and getting shouted at. At the point when the instructor isn't focusing on the class, don't hesitate to nap off. You should figure out how to multitask.Mu ltitasking will assist you with completing significantly more and make your life simpler. A talented high schooler can do schoolwork, tune in to their iPod, watch T. V, eat, and chat on the telephone all simultaneously. This amplifies profitability and proficiency, giving you an opportunity to do other, increasingly significant things, such as hanging out or playing computer games. In conclusion, you should recall that play is more prominent than work. Play first, and work later. Why, you inquire? Indeed, the pleasant you have now will discharge uneasiness and worry over the work that you need to do in the future.After all the pointless fooling around, your psyche will enter the â€Å"oh poo, I need to complete that project† state. This perspective will assist you with keeping center as the cutoff time lingers nearer, and augments profitability and productivity also in light of the fact that you are working your hardest to wrap up. So there it is. I present to you six bits of shrewdness coming directly from my own perception of those at the top. Follow my recommendation, and you will before long discover how much exertion is expected of the individuals who seek to be the best.

Mary Cassatt the Notable American Artist Assignment

Mary Cassatt the Notable American Artist - Assignment Example The paper Mary Cassatt the Notable American Artist breaks down the fine arts of Mary Cassatt. The picture in Figure 1 is Cassatt’s painting of her Miss Mary Ellison and in the picture she exhibits the utilization of shading to draw out the quiet state of mind of a tough lady. As indicated by the National Art Gallery, Degas additionally presented Cassatt in the deviated styles utilized by Japanese craftsmen and the utilization of brilliant hues. The utilization of splendid hues as indicated by Web Museum exhibited a disposition of tenderness that served to light up by her steady utilization of the â€Å"golden lighting.† These viewpoints worked in amicability with the family and kids which was the prevailing subject in the vast majority of her functions as showed in figure 2. Cassatt was constantly a brisk student who took in the nuts and bolts about a specific style in workmanship and as opposed to imitating similar pieces; she would consistently guarantee that she util ized her creativity to think of great perfect works of art. The best model is her depiction of the strategies she gained from Japanese craftsmanship for example asymmetry and wood square print. She had the option to shape these procedures so that they fit so splendidly inside her own impressionsim topics. I take a gander at one of crafted by Cassatt, â€Å"The Little Girl in Blue Armchair† so as to relate it with its authentic setting, to build up the effect it had during the chronicled setting, and the significance of the piece in contemporary workmanship. The work of art of the Little Girl in Blue Armchair was done in 1878 and it painted in an oil canvas.

Cornell Executive MBA Student Sam Panini Shares His Story

Accepted: Wed like to get to know you! Where are you from? Where and what did you study as an undergrad? Sam: My family is originally from South India. I was born in Cincinnati, OH, spent part of my childhood in Denver, CO and went to high school and college in Tennessee, where I earned a bachelors degree in electrical engineering from the University of Tennessee. Accepted: Can you share three fun facts about yourself? Sam: †¢Ã‚  I am married to a lovely lady from Mexico City. †¢Ã‚  I lived in Brazil for a couple of years and as a result I am idiomatically fluent in Mexican Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese and learned both without formal language lessons. †¢Ã‚  I have a 6 year old dog and two daughters under the age of 3. Accepted: Can you tell us about your experience at Cornells EMBA program so far and why you decided to go back to school?    Sam: My experience, like many others in EMBA programs, has been phenomenal. As a result of holding classes primarily every other weekend, the pace of any EMBA program is fast, and analogies like drinking from the firehose are not inaccurate. The professors are world-class and the cloistered format with an overnight stay on Saturday has allowed for excellent opportunities to expand my personal and professional network. Im happy to have such a supportive and close group of friends and colleagues. I had explored business school programs while living in Chicago a few years ago, but the timing wasnt right. In the process of changing jobs, one hiring manager, unprompted, said, Im looking at you, Im talking to you, you ought to think about getting an MBA. Another hiring manager, unprompted, said, Im looking at you, Im talking to you, out of curiosity, why dont you have an MBA? As far as Im concerned, I decided to go back to school because I listened to what the universe was telling me. Accepted: Were there any other programs you were considering? Why did you ultimately feel that Cornell was a good fit? Sam: Living in or around Manhattan, top-ranked programs in the city (e.g. Columbia or NYU Stern) are a logical choice for working professionals. A former colleague in a full-time program in Ithaca referred me to the Executive MBA Metro NY program at Johnson. After a campus visit, considering that the Saturday/Sunday format would not (overly) impact my work obligations, and research into the any person, any study Cornell ethos, the choice was clear for me. The overnight stay is very understated in its importance to the value that students get out of the program. Accepted: Was it difficult to go back to school after being in the working world for so long? What has the experience been like for you? Sam: Certainly, the first couple of months are an adjustment period for everyone. For some, its been a decade or more since spending extensive time (i.e. all day!) in a classroom setting. Gradually, I established a rhythm, which is very much dependent on the support system created along with my team and other classmates. In my opinion, much like it takes a village to raise a child, it takes a village to get an MBA. I believe about 30% of the value of any business school curriculum is in the one-way transmission of information from professors to students in the classroom. The remaining 70% is exchanging information, ideas, concepts, tricks, tutoring, help, laughs, tears, etc. with other classmates, alumni and the schools wider network. The Cornell ethos distinguishes itself in this manner, and I think there is something in the water of Cayuga Lake that imparts the elite but not elitist nature to all who pass through the school. Accepted: Do you have any tips or advice to share for professionals who are considering an EMBA program? Sam: When I came through the open house for the Cornell Executive MBA program, my question to the student panelists was, Given that you were in our shoes 1 or 2 years ago, what would you ask yourself? It was a hard question to answer on the spot. Now a year into the program, my question would be, How important is it to be a manager of other people before coming into the program? The reason is: when a project is assigned in the team format, as the lead, you effectively have 4 to 5 direct reports. Having prior experience in effectively delegating, managing, motivating, correcting and providing feedback are very helpful given the nature of assignments and ensuring the success of a team. Accepted: Are you involved in any extracurricular activities or volunteer work? How have those activities helped shape your career? Sam: I have had the opportunity to participate in a workshop for the Johnson at Cornell Thought Leader series. It was an excellent opportunity to expand my network of connections in the Johnson and larger Cornell community. It was further evidence that the Cornell network will always help when it can. Accepted: What motivated you to start a separate Twitter account for your EMBA experience?   Sam: I have been using Twitter for nearly 10 years and given my familiarity, wanted to help promote the Johnson School on social media. A separate account offered the ability to target the scope of content for a specific purpose and help me to compartmentalize. Accepted: Anything else about your journey that youd like to share?   Sam: The key to success in any Executive MBA program is the support of family, friends and colleagues. Make sure expectations of your time, availability and obligations are set for at least 22 months. This, too, shall pass. When I heard current students talk about how they had made good friends, I remember my first thought was, I dont need more friends, I need an MBA. I wish I could tell that person that â€Å"friends† is just another word for relationships which are so important in building a career, especially post-MBA. Ignoring the social aspect is a risk your career and future success of the Executive MBA program. Choose an Executive MBA that helps facilitate building relationships. Choose Cornell. You can learn more about Sam by checking out his LinkedIn profile or by following him on Twitter (@CornellMBA_SP). Thank you Sam for sharing your story with us – we wish you loads of luck! Related Resources: †¢ 5 Key Qualifying Factors the EMBA Adcoms Look For †¢Ã‚  Cornell Executive MBA 2016 Essay Tips Deadlines †¢Ã‚  Excellent Executive MBA Admissions Advice, a podcast episode

Balanced Scorecard And Communication Plan Coursework - 1375 Words

Balanced Scorecard And Communication Plan Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: NAMEUNIVERSITY AFFILIATIONINSTRUCTORS NAMEDATEBALANCED SCORECARD AND COMMUNICATION PLANINTRODUCTIONBalanced scorecards are systems set in use for effective management of strategy in an organization. A balanced scorecard is operative on four perspectives which are; Financial perspective, Customer perspective, internal process and Organizational capacity. Each of this perspective has different measures which are aimed at adding value to the business.A Manufacturing ScorecardOBJECTIVESMain objectives to be achieved by use of the score card are:To enhance the performance of a business card.To monitor performance of the business.To monitor both internal and external communications within the business businessTo identify the mission and vision of which a business holds to and key indicators used to evaluate the level of performance.DISCUSSIONAs mentioned above, a balanced scorecard has four operative perspectives. Each of these perspectives have different measures which are positioned to adding value to the business. These can be analysed as follows:Financial performance:Seeks to establish the effectiveness of business operations in terms of finances. This can be ascertained through the investment returns and profits earned from the lot (Lucco, 2017). Some of the measures to increase the financial performance would include: Among options such as adding IT managers, security team, and data and information supervisors to facilitate operations within the company. All these would be a liability in that the profits would be divided for some other uses. However, it would be more preferential to embrace the use of an effective management control platform that would aid in the gathering of information and use it to evaluate the performance of various organizational elements. Such would include, physical entities, financial entities, and strategies laid within the company(Langfield, 1997).Use of effective risk assessment methods to curb the cost of any losses or incurred risk costs. Therefore, it would boost the financial performance of the company at large. In this case, qualitative risk assessment would serve perfectly to ensure all the attributes within the scorecard work towards positive revenue gain. These would also be effective in the sense that quality production of products with minimal losses incurred due to curbed risk situations. Therefore, a low overhead cost of production would be registered giving a bigger allowance for profits (Otley, 1999).Customer perspective:Seeks to establish how the customer needs and the level of customer satisfaction. Customer relations are also established through this perspective and used to enhance better ways of retaining and attracting customers. To evaluate the efficiency of this platform, customer feedback would be gathered through ratings and comments. These may be used to access the level of service offered and even the conformity of the goods to the customer needs (Lucco, 2017).Internal service perspectiveIt is used to evaluate all business operations as conducted by the firm. This would, therefore, give a clear indication of how effective the whole business is at large. Performance indicators for this perspective would be the level of quality output in regard to skill input, and the quantity of production within a specific given time. Overheads incurred in production would generate a unit cost which would also significantly evaluate the level of success of the business. Organizational capacity would refer back to the business level of knowledge management, innovation of new ideas and products and the ability of the company to retain employees. Therefore, the scorecard gives a bigger view of the overall business performance and gauges its longevity in success. A key advantage of this concept is that it involves all individuals in the business at large and not specific stakeholders. It's also highly flexible which is a key advantage as it can easily adapt to changes (Lucco, 2017).A qualitative risk assessment within the internal operations subjected by the proposition: The company's network framework is subject to high traffic in regards to the multiple operations taking place all at the same time. It, therefore, proves key to subject each level of operation under scrutiny to access if there is any possible risk likely to happen. Qualitative risk assessment works through what-if analysis of every procedure. What if an analysis is an effective form of risk assessment as it subjects each strategy or procedure to identify the possible threats and risks. It breaks down a process into basic units, therefore, a more comprehensive form of assessment. Countermeasures are formulated at the breakpoint of each strategy or procedure that seems to be prone to threat, vulnerability or exposure. As a result this would improve on the quality of products, servicing hence added value that would stipulate better financial performance.COMMUNICATION PLANA synchron y of a superior Information system would also enhance the efficiency at which a scorecard achieves. Such would include;.ITIL ( Information Technology Infrastructure Library) an IT framework that seeks to enhance the effectiveness of business activities. Its main perspectives includes Service strategy, Service Design, Service Transition, and service operation. The service strategy main focus is on the development of strategies to boost the long-term operation of IT-based companies. Strategies mainly focused on include Portfolio management and Financial management. Service Design involves catalog management, service management, availability management, capacity management and security management (Itinfo, 2017)..Service Transition refers to strategies set in place to handle changes that may arise along in the course of pursuing a business. Strategies mainly focused on by this include: change management, change evaluation, knowledge management, and deployment management. Service operati on mainly aims at enhancing the level service quality being offered. Main functionalities under service operation include problem management, event management, identity management and application management (Itinfo, 2017).Adopting proper management plans would also aid transmission of information within the company both internally and externally. This can be put across by the use of a System and Organization Control (SOC) would enhance the performance by availing a connection compatible with the level controls set for the network system. Its main functionality is based on Providing reports on internal controls of the system; the reports are of great significance to the users as it would be used to assess the efficiency of the current system and any risks that may arise from the latter. It also facilitates internal auditing of the system in place hence offering a better way to compare and address threats that may be related to a service that has been externally outsourced. In these c ase, the level of information security of all operations executed within the network will be well enhanced (Langfield, 1997).CONCLUSIONIn comparing Scorecard to ITIL IT framework, they pose lots of similarities in their functionali...

What Makes A College Education Worth It - 982 Words

I am a freshman in college and I like to believe that I am going to school to better myself and the world around me. Unfortunately, many people only go to college for the substantial pay raise that a college education provides (averaging about double). What makes a college education worth it? What do we learn in college that is worth thousands of dollars and the long hours of sleepless nights? As a college student I very often feel that college is indigestible, the information we consume is merely regurgitated for assorted exams and assignments only to be forgotten when the information is no longer useful to a grade. Some of the things I learned in college had nothing to do with the information I ingested but with the life lessons I’ve learned while trying to balance work, school, and relationships. I now understand college is less about how much you know and more about how to apply it to our futures. Here are two of the biggest lessons I have learned about managing money an d prioritizing your life. Money is important, very important. How many times have you heard someone say, â€Å"Money doesn’t buy happiness† or some other quote teaching us not to envy wealthy lifestyles? Dismissing money as something that is not important is a vast misconception. Don’t mistake my words money is not everything, it can be a means to an end but it is a means of enabling you to shelter yourself, to build and provide a solid life for your family, and to give your excess to others around you. InShow MoreRelatedCollege Education Worth The Cost960 Words   |  4 Pages College Education Worth the Cost What you guys think does College Education Worth the Cost? In the article â€Å"The Wall Street Journal† edited by Riley, she said that a college education does not worth the cost. Again, she claims that most of the colleges are doing their business, they did not care about the student (Riley). Those types of colleges have lack serious core curriculum, they did not know their responsibility towards the student. Moreover, I willRead MoreAre Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? Essay examples979 Words   |  4 PagesAre Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? When it comes to the topic of attending college, most of us will readily agree that obtaining a higher education is important. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of paying for it. Whereas some are convinced that tuition is too high, others maintain that it is important no matter the cost. Andrew Hacker and Claudia Dreifus address just such an issue in their essay â€Å"Are Colleges Worth the Price of Admission†. Hacker and DreifusRead MoreIs A College Education Worth It?1018 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s society, the idea of receiving a college education has been pondered quite a bit as to whether or not it is actually worth it. According to Michelle Adam, many people â€Å"†¦today believe that getting a good education is key to success in our society, this revealed surprising issues that challenge the notion of higher education being worth its price tag† (59). Naturally, many high school graduates apply for college right before or after graduation. Others decide to go into the work force, armedRead MoreIs College Worth It?1177 Words   |  5 PagesStatistics Say Yes To College If you walked across the stage at your high school graduation ceremony you probably were confronted by the options of college, military service, work force, etc. If you decide college is the place to go, then questions start to arise, how am I going to pay for college, where should I go, what do I want to study. Is college is a voluntary place to further your education or is it mandatory to achieve a decent paying job? College has now become something that everyoneRead MoreThe Value Of A College Education928 Words   |  4 PagesI will discuss what the value of a college education means to me. A higher education will give me many physical benefits such as economic stability, a better quality of life for my family, more career choices, better job security, set a good example for my children at the same time, a college education will also give me many intangible benefits such as boosting my self-confidence, helping me to learn specialized knowledge, thinking critically, bringing me i n contact with different people, learningRead MoreEducation Is The Greatest Concern For Most Scholars Essay1480 Words   |  6 Pagesdue to low levels of education. Therefore another justification for the cost of education to be worth what is generated in return is the benefits that the higher education brings to the community at large. The college education does not only involve the academic works, but it also involves teaching the students the social aspects that are very important for the development of the society. They are taught how useful they can be in the society (Kantrowitz 799). As part of education, the students are taughtRead MoreIs A College Education Worth It?1443 Words   |  6 PagesMarch 2016 Is a College Education Worth It? Is the American dream just a dream?The worth of a college education is arguably one of the most controversial topics in the country. Over the years, the American education system seems to emphasize and underline the importance of college education. The reality of the situation is that a college education can be appreciated through looking at the statistical numbers of people that have enrolled in to college education. A college education is valued becauseRead MoreIs Higher Education Necessary?1193 Words   |  5 PagesIt has always been said that college is the next step to a bigger future after high school. So many people look forward to the fun, the new experiences, the new people, and the new life. College is sometimes a getaway for that bullied student or a safe haven for that scientific nerd, but where do these people end up after college? A college education is not a decision for everyone, as several students graduate with a huge amount of student debt and qualified job opport unities. Do they even completeRead MoreThe Importance of College Education1366 Words   |  6 PagesCollege. It is the seven-letter word that almost every child will hear thousands of times while they are growing up. They constantly are bombarded by the idea that they must go to college if they want to be successful. However, what if this is a false statement. What if college isn’t as great as everyone makes it out to seem. Well, these days some people believe that young people are better off, not going to college. Over the years the economy around the world has changed. It has prospered, and itRead MoreThe U.S. Labor Market: Is College Worth It? . The Ever-Changing1505 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. Labor market: Is college worth it? The ever-changing United States job market. Is a hostile, cynical environment for college graduates. As students can go though 4 years of schooling, graduate and then are not be able to find a job in their desiread field. Which begs the question â€Å"Is College Worth it?†. But college is worth it as Beth Braverman notes â€Å"Americans age 25 to 34 with a four-year college degree have a startling low unemployment rate of just 2.1 percent, compared to 7 percent

Influence of the Puritan Faith on the Development of New...

The New England colonies rapidly developed though out the 1600s. This mass of development was influenced by the Puritans, whom founded a majority of the New England and several Middle colonies. The Puritan philosophies and values formed and directed the progress of the colonies. Socially, strict emphasis on church and community was influential in other colonial settlements as well. Politically, unification and representation derived from the Puritans. Economically, ideas such as fair pricing originated through the Puritan minds. It is obvious that the ideas held by Puritans grasped the social, political and economic maturity of the New England colonies in the time period of 1630 to 1660. Influence of the Puritan faith existed massively in social development of New England and brought great changed in the social standings. This can be seen through the emphasis on church and education. Visible in Doc B, a map of a colonial New England town shows the center of a average Puritan town, containing a village green surrounded by multiple buildings. Prominent in the surrounding buildings are the church and the school. The church was the religious and ultimately social center of a Puritan town. Puritan followers strived to comprehend the ways God. This belief also caused the Puritans to think themselves better by destiny; as stated by William Bradford, following the Pequot War, â€Å"†¦and they gave the praise thereof to God†¦who had wrought so wonderfully a [victory]† (Doc D). SomeShow MoreRelatedPuritanism And The Puritan Movement1177 Words   |  5 PagesMagenheimer D period 11/4/14 Synthesis Paper Puritanism in New England Puritanism first started with a movement in Protestantism in England and later colonial America. It was during the reign of Elizabeth when many Protestants returned after leaving England during the time of Bloody Mary who had been killing many Protestants. The movement drew support from people of all walks of life. Towards the end of Elizabeth’s Reign and throughout James I’s reign a new generation of religious thinkers began to articulateRead MorePuritanism And Its Impact On Society1508 Words   |  7 PagesSometimes, it is hard to imagine that religious ideas have enough power not only to change the minds of people but also to build a new society with new principles. The most significant example of such religious power that radically changed the world is Puritanism. Puritanism is usually explained as a religious movement that emerged in England in the late 16th century. Nobody could suppose that its followers would define the destiny of the United States of America. Puritanism should be recognizedRead MorePuritans And The New England1344 Words   |  6 Pages Puritans were a group of English Protestants who believed that the Reformation of the Church of English was still to stuck on Catholic formalities and wanted to simplify and regulate types of worship. The Puritans left England out of a need to purify the church and their own lives. They followed the writings of John Calvin to America and formed The Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was one of the original settlements, settled in 1630 by a group of about 1,000 Puritan refugeesRead MoreImpact of the English Reformation and the Restoration on the English Colonies1729 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical and religious identity in all of Europe, and England in particular, gave rise to the English Reformation and subsequently the Restoration era in the 16th and 17th centuries. While the onset of both the English Reformation and the Restoration era had a prominent impact on the colonies in the New World in regards to religious freedom, they differed in that the Restoration Colonies were embarked upon and driven by economic hunger. In England, clashes between Catholics and Protestants, broughtRead More John Wesley and the Methodist Church- Analysis of â€Å"Methodism and the Christian Heritage in England†1249 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst thirty-two pages of the book on â€Å"Methodism and the Christian Heritage in England† gave a background as to Wesley’s foundation that so many authors overlook. The first page summed it up best in: â€Å"The long course of English ecclesiastical history met the force of a new concern for renewal, both individual and institutional. A long tradition of propositional certainty of faith met the power of a personal experience of faith. An institution built by and for the establishment met a concern for the soulsRead MoreNineteenth Century Americ A Bleak Portrayal Of The Sociopolitical Scene3092 Words   |  13 PagesAmerica: A Bleak Portrayal of the Sociopolitical Scene Puritan Faith Puritan New England experienced one of the most peculiarly memorable historical events of all time. The Salem Witchcraft trials of 1692 remain prominently embodied in the long and colorful history of New England, stretching back into the pre-colonial period. In the grand scheme of things, the Salem trials were the results of a long struggle between the mainstream catholic faith and the early Protestants. It is worth to mention fromRead MoreEuropean Exploration And Colonization Of The New World1248 Words   |  5 Pagescolonization of the New World Power was the main focus for the Europeans to explore and colonize the new world. The Europeans realized by possessing colonies in the new world, they would grow and have more power to challenge other nations. The Spanish became a competitor because they started to realize how valuable the new land could be to their country by obtaining new riches from the land. By discovering these riches, the country would become more powerful. Spain, England, and France knew theyRead MoreThe Great Awakening By Christine Leigh Heyrman1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Awakening A restructuring of religious doctrine, beliefs, and social practices during the 17th and 18th centuries in England, and in North America, infused with Calvinistic religious doctrine initiated the beginning of The Great Awakening. Following this further, according to Christine Leigh Heyrman, The First Great Awakening: Divining America,† a New Age of faith rose to counter the currents of the Age of Enlightenment. Ultimately reaffirming the view that being truly religious meant trustingRead MoreReligious Doctrine, Beliefs, And Social Practices1348 Words   |  6 Pages A restructuring of religious doctrine, beliefs, and social practices during the 17th and 18th centuries in England, and in North America, infused with Calvinistic religious doctrine initiated the beginning of The Great Awakening. Following this further, according to Christine Leigh Heyrman, The First Great Awakening: Divining America,† a New Age of faith rose to counter the currents of the Age of Enlightenment. Ultimately reaffirming the view that being truly religious meant trusting the heart ratherRead MoreDisapproval of Puritanism in Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown1959 Words   |  8 PagesGoodman Brown Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Critical Analysis Nathaniel Hawthorne has presented his disapproval of Puritanism in the form of Young Goodman Brown who has been presented as the living embodiment of Puritanical sect. Where the influence of Hawthornes background on his work is evident, he has managed to present evidences for his argument. In his short story, he portrays Young Goodman Brown as a character who, on the basis of his own staunch beliefs, disapproves everyone bearing

Minimum Wage Should Be Raised - 895 Words

The rent is too damn high! At least that’s what the slogan of â€Å"Rent is too damn high† political party reads. As its name implies, â€Å"Rent Is Too Damn High† Party is that rents in the city of New York are too costly. However this issue goes beyond greedy landlords; in fact it starts with one simple statement: The federal minimum wage in America is simply too low. According to a national study in 2015, for a family to be just above the poverty level, the head of the house would be required to earn 8.50 an hour, while the current federal minimum wage is 7.25. Not only does the current minimum wage not cover the poverty line, it is more than a dollar less than current poverty levels. A raise in the minimum wage would reduce the number of working Americans who are below the poverty line, decrease unemployment, and help stimulate the economy. To begin with, the minimum wage should be raised at least above 8.50 an hour. According to The US Department of Health, the current poverty level is 17,000 a year, which is about 8.50 an hour (Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism). The current minimum wage is 7.25 an hour, a full dollar and a quarter less than the current poverty level. With this, the average American is not able to afford the basic living standards that America herself has set. The need for a work force has been on the decline in America with cheaper sources of labor being created. Ironically, the unemployment payment an American can receive is in someShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage Should Be Raised?958 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum Wage Louis Montgomery III English Composition 101 Mrs. Blackwell April 23, 2015 Minimum Wage Do minimum wage jobs help pay the bills? Do minimum wage jobs support the family? Should minimum wage be raised? Will raising the minimum wage reduce poverty? The idea of minimum wage jobs is to help people get work experience without having any skills. Most minimum wage jobs include fast food restaurants and grocery stores. Minimum wageRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised?1062 Words   |  5 Pagesever pressing question regarding Minimum wage. Not many subjects can ignite a controversy as quickly as that of whether or not minimum wage should be raised, or by how much should it be raised or if it should remain the same. What is minimum wage? By definition, minimum wage is the minimum hourly wage an employer can pay an employee for work. (â€Å"MinimumWage.com†) America’s minimum wage was first introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938. That minimum wage was introduced as part of the FairRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised? Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment has so generously termed the â€Å"minimum wage†. In Missouri, the minimum wage has been set at a rather appalling $7.65 per hour while in other states there are wages starting as high as $10. Though arguably the economy is not as sluggish and terrible as it once was, $7.65 per hour will not help those who have children, no college degree and debts to pay. It is not only Missouri that has minimum wage laws, but every other state in America has minimum wage laws in place. Both California and SeattleRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Raised1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe current minimum wage is $7.25, which equals two gallons of milk, one fast food meal or two gallons of gas. Can you imagine yourself working 12-hours a day and only having enough money to p ay for rent and put food on the table for your family? With working all those long hours, you can barely afford to pay your utility bills and after that you don’t have enough money or time for luxuries like clothing or vacation. You have no savings as matter of fact, you are in a huge debt and you are livingRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised?870 Words   |  4 PagesShould Minimum Wage Be Raised? Minimum wage has always been a controversial issue. Many politicians use the argument of minimum wage for their own political propaganda. Some may argue minimum wage should be raised, while others believe it will have detrimental effects on our economy if it is raised. Surprising to most people, minimum wage earners make up only a small percent of American workers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, minimum wage workers make up about 2.8% of all workersRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Raised935 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage is an ongoing debate in the United States. There are some people who think that it should be raised to a higher rate and others who think that it should not. There are many different pros and cons with raising minimum wage. Minimum wage is at a balanced rate that should not be raised due to lack of skill, low education, and economic problems. Jobs that require minimum wage are created for young adults who are in college or high school. They are to help one get one on their feet so thatRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Raised910 Words   |  4 Pagesmaximize the American Dream on the minimum wage† (Benjamin Todd Jealous). In 1938, minimum wage was created by the federal government in order to protect workers by ensuring a minimum of twenty-five cents per hour worked. Though President Roosevelt had the right idea in protecting the workforce, something needs to be done to ensure that Americans are getting a reasonable amount of money for the amount of hours they have worked. As Benjamin Todd Jealous stated, minimum wage is not enough for the averageRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Should Be Raised998 Words   |  4 Pagesprestigious job at such a young age. However that is not the case, if the minimum wage is raised to $15 an hour, a 16 year old could make $18,000 yearly working only 25 hours a week at McDonalds. Now for tee nagers that have goals for college or a car, that would money to set aside for the future, however most 16 year olds do not have those goals in mind yet, so that extra money turns into wasted money. As of February 2016 the minimum wage ranges anywhere from $7.25-$10 across the United States. Florida’sRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Not Be Raised863 Words   |  4 Pagesthan triple the minimum wage. If the minimum wage is increased, it would eliminate people’s incentives to improve. On top of that, inflation would occur, and poverty would virtually stay the same. In addition, raising the minimum wage would bring on hardship for small businesses. Of course, one may argue that the minimum should cover the cost of living, but people should have to work for their money. The minimum wage should not be raised in the United States. If the minimum wage were to go up, peopleRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Should Not Be Raised858 Words   |  4 PagesRepublican presidential candidate, Ted Cruz, is of the opinion that the Minimum wage should not be raised. This is a large issue as the current federal minimum wage of $7.25 is not enough to support basic living costs in a fair number of states. Ted Cruz highlights the consequences of raising the minimum wage yet ignores the cons of it remaining static (Ted Cruz on the Minimum Wage). In an article in The Atlantic, the discussion of the cost of living is brought up. The article talks about how the

Hitchcocks North By Northwest The Birth of the Modern...

1959 was an exciting year in the history of filmmaking. An extraordinary conjunction of talent throughout the globe existed. In France, Truffaut, Godard, Chabrol, Rohmer, Rivette, and Resnais all directed their first films, thus establishing the French New Wave. In Italy, Fellini created the elegant La Dolce Vita, and Antonioni gave us L’avventura. Most importantly, though, in America, famed British director Alfred Hitchcock gave us the classic thriller North by Northwest, the father of the modern action film. Throughout the history of filmmaking, many different genres have thrived such as the romantic comedy, giving us such classics as Bringing up Baby and His Girl Friday. The war film gave us All Quiet on the Western Front and Paths of†¦show more content†¦This begins the first of the film’s many action sequences. Thornhill’s car, hanging off a cliff realigns itself with the road and Thornhill, intoxicated, swerves all over the road, attempting to avoid the two men chasing him. Endangering the lives of others and his own, Thornhill escapes the two men following him, but causes an accident with a police cruiser. He is brought into the police station for DWI. At the police station, a man asks to smell Thornhill’s breath. â€Å"You better stand back,† he warns. The following day in court Thornhill tells his story of being kidnapped, only no one believes him. When Thornhill leads police to the house where he was held captive, there is a woman there claiming that Thornhill attended a party the previous evening and was â€Å"a bit tipsy† when he left. With not a single person believing his story, Thornhill goes to a hotel where this so-called â€Å"George Kaplan† is staying. While there he obtains a picture of the man who was demanding â€Å"answers† of him at the house the previous night. The maid working at the hotel also mistakes him as Kaplan. Discovering that the man in the photo, Van Damme, works at the UN, Thornhill proceeds there. While at the UN, a man lands in Thornhill’s arms. The man has a knife in his back. Thornhill grabs the knife and the people surrounding the incident immediately mistake Thornhill as the murderer. At this point there is one of the most economical and beautiful transitionShow MoreRelatedThe Influences Of Alfred Hitchcock On Wes Craven2961 Words   |  12 PagesNicholas Storm Kimberly Neuendorf COM 320 History of Film October 15, 2015 The Influences of Alfred Hitchcock on Wes Craven By Nicholas Storm The Horror Genre?s contemporaries today include Eli Roth, John Carpenter, George Romero and Clive Barker to name a few but the most notable above them all, with more contributions out of any other director was Wes Craven. With a plethora of films he has created, Craven is most known for 3 in particular for helping redefine the horror genreRead MoreMidterm 2 Essays James Pham1829 Words   |  8 PagesMusic 468 Midterm 2 Essays 1) Ben-Hur is the last great film score in the tradition of the golden age until 1977. Describe the characteristics of the classical film score as exemplified in this film. Include a description of significant themes and scenes. (10 points) William Wyler directed a 1958 American epic historical drama film, Ben-Hur. This film is well known to be one of the greatest film scores reflecting in the classic traditions. The film portrays lives of two men (i.e., Jesus Christ and JudahRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 Pagesthe business. The Hollywood Studio System: A History is the first book to describe and analyse the complete development, classic operation, and reinvention of the global corporate entities which produce and distribute most of the films we watch. Starting in 1920, Adolph Zukor, head of Paramount Pictures, over the decade of the 1920s helped to fashion Hollywood into a vertically integrated system, a set of economic innovations which was firmly in place by 1930. ForRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence

Carol Shelbys Life free essay sample

When someone thinks of Ford Motor Company, one of the first things that comes to mind is the Mustang. Carroll Shelby revolutionized the world of cars, especially with his work on the Ford Mustangs. Carroll was not only a racecar driver, but he also created racecars and street legal vehicles. He is a member of the Automotive Hall of Fame and the International Motor Sports Hall of Fame, just to name a few, and in 1956 and ’57 was named Driver of the Year by Sports Illustrated. Shelby died March 10, 2012 at the age of 89, and in this speech I hope that I can convince you that he is more than worthy of the prominent place he holds in the history of performance vehicles. While he admitted that his energy and passion for performance were at their peak during his time with Ford, he did some of his most noteworthy work while working independently. We will write a custom essay sample on Carol Shelbys Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1962 Shelby introduced his Shelby Cobra to the world. This car was like nothing the world had ever seen. It beat out the Corvette at home and the famed Ferrari of Europe. The styling cues came from a pre-existing English car called the AC Ace. Shelby thought ‘what would happen if I tossed an American V8 under the hood of that car? ’. In pursuit of this idea, he went to Ford and made a tempting proposition. He said that if they would give him $25,000 and some management personnel he would build a prototype that would â€Å"blow the corvette off in the weeds†. Don Frey was reluctant to do so but was quoted saying â€Å"maybe we should give him $25,000 before he bites someone† and gave Shelby the requested sum. Ford made a stronger chassis and gave Shelby a number of small block V8 engines. One year later, Shelby’s dream came true. lt;http://www. automobilemag. com/features/news/1205_carroll_shelby_cobra_creator_and_american_racing_legend_dead_at_89/viewall. htmlgt;. The name Cobra came to Shelby in a dream one night. He had been wondering about what he would name the car; his dream-come-true needed a name that said quality, performance, and excellence in manufacturing. One night, half awake, he wrote the single word â€Å"Cobra† on a piece of paper. When he woke up and saw the scrap of paper on his bedside table, he knew that he’d found the name for his new car. In 1963 Shelby made his Cobra to the GT Group III class standards. That month it won at Riverside in California, finishing ahead of the Corvette Stingray. Shelby had made good on his promise; his Cobra â€Å"blew the Corvette off in the weeds†. lt;http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=rqQ6LGpiGY4gt; In August 1964 Ford asked Shelby to build a street-legal, high-performance Mustang to compete against the Corvette in SCCA-B production road racing. By September, the first Mustang GT 350 was created. This car had a functional hood scoop with a 306 horsepower V8 with suspension upgrades, Koni shocks, rear traction bars, and a regular laundry list of race-ready features. In ’66, Hertz rent-a-car purchased 1,000 of these GT350s and started a ‘rent-a-racers’ campaign. In 1968 the name Cobra was resurrected and used on a Shelby Mustang, and GT500KRs were created. The â€Å"KR† stood for â€Å"King of the Road†. Unfortunately, Ford discontinued production of Shelby Mustangs in the year 1970. In 1963 the opportunity of a lifetime came knocking at Shelby’s door. Henry Ford tried to purchase Italy’s famed Ferrari from owner Enzo Ferrari, but was sent packing. Needless to say, Ford was more than a little put out. He presented a blank check to Shelby and two other engineers telling them to build him a car that would knock the tires off of Enzo’s baby. By 1964 Shelby had done just that. Enter the Ford GT40. Three of these GT40s raced in 1964 24 Hours of the Le Mans, but none finished. Ford demanded more, so Shelby made the decision to install a 7. 0 liter stock engine in the revised GT40s. Enter the Mark II GT40 performance era. In two seasons, the new GT40 became a strong contender on the track. In fact, this improved Mark II won the 24 Hours of the Le Mans 4 years straight, from 1965 to 1968. The ever-dissatisfied Ford was appeased; he had a gold, silver, and bronze medal to hang on his wall. This car has frequently been called the finest vehicle ever produced by Ford. lt;http://www. cobragt40. co. za/cobra. htmgt; Like all the greats, Shelby died doing what he loved. His last car was the 2013 Shelby Mustang which sports an impressive 662 horsepower and 631 foot-pounds of torque. It is the most powerful V8 vehicle currently on the public market. Shelby passed away at the age of 89 on May 10, 2012 in Dallas, Texas. He left his mark on the world of racing and high performance vehicles with his devotion to the best and only the best. The name Shelby still says quality. The name Shelby still says excellence. The name Shelby still says, â€Å"the best and only the best, no compromise†. Carroll Shelby was a true visionary, and as long as his cars are on the road his name lives on. lt;http://media. ford. com/article_display. cfmarticle_id=36500gt;.

Macbeth, tragedy by William Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Macbeth, tragedy by William Shakespeare Essay â€Å"Macbeth† a tragedy written by William Shakespeare, portrays, how the main character Macbeth, transforms from a war hero, to a murdering villain. Macbeth starts out as the thane of Glamis and steadily rises to become King of Scotland. The higher Macbeth rose on his road of power the more corrupt and evil he became. The character change of Macbeth ignites the whole theme of the play. Macbeth is shown as a vigorous war hero in the opening scene. â€Å"And fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling showed like a rebel’s whore. But all’s too weak for brave Macbeth. † (1. 2 16. 8) The captain expressing the braveness of great Macbeth in Scotland’s battle with the invading Norway hordes. It didn’t take long for the people of Scotland to realize what a leader Macbeth was. Another example of Macbeth’s patriotism is in the third scene. â€Å"Go pronounce his present death and with it’s former title greet macbeth† (1. 3 74-75) Macbeth was seen as such a hero and leader by King Duncan that he now moved up to Thane of Cawdor. The king put his trust into Macbeth. The final example of macbeth’s loyalty to Scotland and King Duncan is when macbeth quoted†The service and the loyalty I owe, in doing it pays itself† (1. 25-26) After macbeth gets crowned Thane of Cawdor he expresses his gratitude and dedication to the king and Scotland. Macbeth was thought to be the best man for the job. The character of Macbeth starts to creep from loyal and trustworthy to paranoid and conniving. The higher Macbeth rose the more he wanted â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business he hath honored of late† (1. 7 34-35) Macbeth starts to run the idea of murdering King Duncan through his head. Macbeth decides that he wont murder the king. Lady Macbeth’s determination to become queen influences Macbeth’s decision. â€Å"If it were done when tis done, then twere it be done quickly† (1. 7 1-2) Macbeth is toying with the notion to murder King Duncan. Macbeth would not be satisfied until he ruled all Scotland! An idea turned into a priority, Macbeth wasn’t thinking of killing the king he was sure of it. â€Å"Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand†¦. †(2. 1 42-43) Macbeth’s vision turned out to be a false creation of the mind that led macbeth to believe that fate was telling him to kill King Duncan. Near the end of the play Macbeths true evilness comes out. Macbeth paranoia leads him to believe that everyone is out to get him. â€Å" So is he mine, and in such bloody distance that every minute of his thrusts against my hear’st life† (3. 1 128-130) Macbeth grows suspicious of Banquo. The witch’s predictions of Banquo’s kids becoming king engulfed all thoughts in Macbeth’s head. â€Å"I’ll make assurance double sure. † (4. 1 93) Macbeth is making sure Banquo and his son fleance are murdered. Macbeth felt the it was best to hire murders to handle fleance and Banquo. Macbeth is overcome with evil. â€Å"From this moment the very firstling of my heart shall be the firstling of my mind† (4. 1 165-168) Macbeth’s mind no longer matters. Macbeth’s heart makes all the decisions. This shows true evilness. The character of Macbeth transforms from a war hero to a murdering villain. The theme of this play revolves around character change. Greed, power, and gullibility led Macbeth to tragedy, and death. The changing character of Mabeth created a suspenseful atmosphere, which kept the reader on the edge.

Ocular Visit Essay Example

Ocular Visit Essay The  Barangay is the  basic unit of government here in the Philippines. According to the address of Senator Bongbong Marcos in Liga ng mga Barangay’s 1st General Assembly held at Heritage Hotel Manila, it is the soul of local government autonomy. We are to select a barangay that is the beneficiary of our chosen project. We chose the Barangay Salinas 1, Bacoor City,  in the  province  of  Cavite,  Philippines because last July 10,2013, several houses were burned that caused some families to become homeless. In the Barangay of Salinas 1, they belong to a first class municipality in terms of income. It is also convenient for them because SM City Bacoor is near the vicinity. The neighbourhood we entered is peaceful. I have also observed and learned that there are many town homes subdivision and there are two phases of Meralco Housing project located in this barangay. There is also an elementary school with covered court and children center in which the environment is conducive for learning. Good thing also is that there are trees in some household and there is also grass area. Local government officials are also working to improve their barangay. They posted accomplishment reports in their barangay hall to showcase their implemented projects like the constructing a waiting shed entitled: â€Å"Silungan ng mag-aaral umulan man o umaraw† headed by Sanguniang Kabataan. There are also some negative aspects or weaknesses in the barangay of Salinas 1. One is that the barangay is beside a river so it is located in a flood plain. There will be occasional flood in the area especially if heavy rain continually pours. I also observed that small roads and less social interaction in the neighbourhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Ocular Visit specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ocular Visit specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ocular Visit specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The children and even some teens are just lurking in the streets. There is also less engagement that inherently creates a community who take pride and self-responsibility for what goes on in their neighbourhood and its outside appearance. The project I would like to propose is a leadership seminar for adults in the barangay ages 21 and above. It is because while we were walking around the neighbourhood, I noticed that there is less interaction of people living in the neighbourhood. Through this project, it will allow people to resolve collective problems more easily. The community will be able to advance more smoothly. Sometimes, they won’t have to rely on local government to keep their infrastructure and the environment in tip-top shape. Another is for health and safety issues. People should know how to take appropriate actions in any situation especially that there was a fire that killed a five-year old boy. And lastly, for the importance of community dialogue. Every barangay needs leaders who understand the importance of public discourse and civic conversations who can also connect with the local officials.

Important Essay Topics to Look Into For Students

Important Essay Topics to Look Into For StudentsWhat can you expect from the other Wes Moore essay topics that are available for college students to check out? Here are some things that might interest you and any good writer should know.In just a few sentences, you'll see that the first Wes Moore essay topic you'll encounter has nothing to do with gender or race. You can expect the topic to be about those categories in the United States. It is a very broad topic and will focus on how race, gender, and nationality have been used by the government as a means of control and have produced negative consequences for the country. You'll learn that there are people who are very successful and others who suffer the effects of the use of such categories.The second Wes Moore essay topic will focus on the effect of government programs. This essay topic will be one that any young writer should look into. Because of these programs, government subsidies for business have been reduced, which has cau sed many businessmen to be unable to compete and with it, some businesses have closed.The third essay topic is the educational issues associated with the drug and alcohol abuse. This is a part of the sexual abuse that has been going on for decades. It's not limited to the military but is found in all schools.The fourth essay topic is related to the economy and will cover things like school aid, which allows individuals to go to college but still do not have the funds to do so. The major problems include job security and weak colleges that are closing. College education must be the solution to all of these problems.The fifth Wes Moore essay topic is something that is of interest to any student that needs help with his/herclasswork. Because of standardized testing, not everyone is able to participate in the academic process at a school. This is the idea behind the scholarship program. This essay topic is one that every writer should look into.If you're a college student or anyone look ing for academic advice, the Wes Moore essay topics might be a good way to start. One is bound to find something that interests them.

Understanding Deforestationâ€a Growing Global Problem

Understanding Deforestation- a Growing Global Problem Deforestation is a growing global problem with far-reaching environmental and economic consequences, including some that may not be fully understood until it is too late to prevent them. But what is deforestation, and why is it such a serious problem? Deforestation refers to the loss or destruction of naturally occurring forests, primarily due to human activities such as logging, cutting trees for fuel, slash-and-burn agriculture, clearing land for livestock grazing, mining operations, oil extraction, dam building, and urban sprawl or other types of development and population expansion. Logging alone- much of it illegal- accounts for the loss of more than 32 million acres of our planets natural forests every year, according to The Nature Conservancy. Not all deforestation is intentional. Some deforestation may be driven by a combination of natural processes and human interests. Wildfires burn large sections of forest every year, for example, and although fire is a natural part of the forest life cycle, subsequent overgrazing by livestock or wildlife after a fire can prevent the growth of young trees. How Fast Is Deforestation Happening? Forests still cover about 30 percent of the Earths surface, but each year about 13 million hectares of forest (approximately 78,000 square miles)- an area roughly equivalent to the state of Nebraska, or four times the size of Costa Rica- are converted to agricultural land or cleared for other purposes. Of that figure, approximately 6 million hectares (about 23,000 square miles) is primary forest, which is defined in the 2005 Global Forest Resources Assessment as forests of native species where there are no clearly visible indications of human activities and where the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed. Reforestation programs, as well as landscape restoration and the natural expansion of forests, have slowed the net deforestation rate somewhat, but the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization reports that approximately 7.3 million hectares of forests (an area roughly the size of Panama or the state of South Carolina) are permanently lost every year. Tropical rainforests in places like Indonesia, the Congo, and the Amazon Basin are particularly vulnerable and at risk. At the current rate of deforestation, tropical rainforests could be wiped out as functioning ecosystems in less than 100 years. West Africa has lost about 90 percent of its coastal rainforests, and deforestation in South Asia has been nearly as bad. Two-thirds of the lowland tropical forests in Central America have been converted to pasture since 1950, and 40 percent of all rainforests have been lost. Madagascar has lost 90 percent of its eastern rainforests, and Brazil has seen more than 90 percent of the Mata Atlà ¢ntica (Atlantic Forest) disappear. Several countries have declared deforestation a national emergency. Why Is Deforestation a Problem? Scientists estimate that 80 percent of all species on Earth- including those not yet discovered- live in tropical rainforests. Deforestation in those regions wipes out critical habitat, disrupts ecosystems and leads to the potential extinction of many species, including irreplaceable species that could be used to make medicines, which might be essential for cures or effective treatments of the worlds most devastating diseases. Deforestation also contributes to global warming- tropical deforestation accounts for about 20 percent of all greenhouse gases- and has a significant impact on the global economy. While some people may receive immediate economic benefits from activities that result in deforestation, those short-term gains cannot offset the negative long-term economic losses. At the 2008 Convention on Biological Diversity in Bonn, Germany, scientists, economists, and other experts concluded that deforestation and damage to other environmental systems could cut living standards for the worlds poor by half and reduce the global gross domestic product (GDP) by about 7 percent. Forest products and related activities account for approximately  $600 billion worth of global GDP every year.

Excellent Communicator Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Excellent Communicator - Assignment Example They are able to strategically and competently relate to the individual and adapt the conversation to better convey the message they are attempting to impart. Great communicators are often charismatic and funny – interesting people to listen to. Effective communicators are also effective listeners, as it’s impossible to communicate without verifying that the message is being received as you intended. I believe ineffective communication begins by the person attempting to communicate not having a thorough enough understanding of the situation, or simply not allowing for a dialogue to occur that facilitates communication. During my first week as a teacher, I had an Assistant Principal who called me into her office to discuss observations made during one of my classes. She had an issue with the way a particular lesson was organized and proceeded to discuss its faults. While elements of her criticism were effective, a great deal of it was misdirected as it was founded on erroneous assumptions. It fell short in that it didn’t leave room for a dialogue to occur that could create a constructive solution. Instead, the observations were relayed in a way that spoke to the necessarily limited perspective of one individual. For work place communication to be effective, open communication among workers within the organization must be promoted. Without this collaborative environment, th e workplace becomes dry and monotonous and the creativity necessary for beneficial improvements is

Introduction to Transportation Management Questions Assignment

Introduction to Transportation Management Questions - Assignment Example The key focus revolves around the formulation and adoption of strategic plans that aim to define transport logistics requirements for the firm, identify ways and means in which these requirements can be met most effectively and optimizing business processes to ensure cost effective means of procurement and delivery of goods (Deloitte, 2011). Logistics decisions are based on the operational requirements and the overall focus of the management is on creating and adopting a high value oriented solution that is cost effective and reliable. The key aspects considered in this process are reliability of choices, accuracy of information available at the time of transit of goods, and the time required for transit. Transportation activities can be made more effective and efficient through the use of information systems that help in tracking the movement of goods. Firms can leverage their transportation activity and develop it as an internal competency that can contribute to competitive advantage through adequate focus on optimized supply chain process and effective information systems that can help in efficient decision making (Coyle et al., 2011). Transportation project planning is the process by which state governing agencies monitor and address the demand for movement of goods, commodity and people in the region. Various transportation alternatives are considered and implemented based on the requirements analysis. One of the key aspects behind the rampant adoption of project planning activities in the transportation segment in US economy is the role it plays in developing existing transport alternatives and establishing more efficient systems that can cater to the growing demands from various sectors of the economy. Growth in trading activities and economic requirements has placed intense pressure on governance bodies to develop infrastructural facilities (Coyle et al., 2011). Moreover, investment in developing transportation

Supply chain management Essay Example for Free

Supply chain management Essay In this final paper for Managerial Finance I will attempt to show how the supply chain inventory management method can be affected depending on the situation of the retailer. Studying the control method for problems in inventory, which would include both, excesses in inventory as well as shortages, and hoping to minimize loss. Use of SCM as a Method of Inventory Control I have decided to do the final for Managerial Finance on the use of the SCM method as a form of inventory control, because I have worked in a business that has used many different forms of inventory control. As a manager it was one of my responsibilities to maintain inventory and observe any losses as a loss prevention issue that must be discovered. The ordering responsibility for inventory was one of my most important duties as a manager. â€Å"Supply Chain Management is a set of synchronized decision activities, utilized to effectively integrate suppliers, manufacturers, transporters, warehouses, retailers customers so that the right product or service is distributed at the right quantities, to the proper locations at the appropriate time, in order to minimize system wide costs while satisfying customer service level requirements. (Misra, 2010) Finding different options for inventory choices as well as finding prices that reflects a profit for the company was primary reasons for me to research the available possibilities in inventory. Deciding a price for acquiring inventory is an important aspect of making a determination in product for any company striving to make a profit. An important aspect of inventory is the amount of inventory that needs to be ordered, as over ordering or under ordering can be just as problematic for a company. A company that over orders does ot receive profit, because they have put out too much money without a return on that investment, will not make a profit. A popular product may sell very well for a company, but an overabundance of product means that the remaining product after sales may end up being a loss if sales do not again pick up. Under ordering can be just a big of a problem for a company because when customers start coming in for products that are not on the shelves it leads them to find alternate sources for their purchases. Under ordering can also create problems when it comes time to do a secondary order. The initial under ordering of product can lead even the most cautious of managers to second guess their ordering process. The initial under order leads a manager to think that they need to order more of the product to compensate for future sales of the product. The main problem that comes from this common over reaction is that the company lost out on sales on the initial order so tried to compensate by ordering more of the product on their new order. There may have been an increased demand on the first day of sales that may not (usually not) return when the manager orders more stock. The ability to make an initial determination as to the proper inventory can be a deciding factor on a profitable business and an unprofitable one. SCM or supply chain management is a process that refines the process in which managers make their decisions for the products and services that the company offers. SCM is a way for a company to find the products that they offer to their customers. â€Å"The Supply Chain management (SCM) is defined by the Supply Chain Forum (SCF) as the integration of key business processes from end user through suppliers that provide goods, services and information that add value for customers. (Assey, 2012) Supply chain management takes the production of a manufacturer and presents it to a supplier; the supplier then presents those products to the retailers which in turn provide those products to the customers. Choosing the supplier that gets the best deal from the manufacturer is going to give the most profit for the retailer selling the product to their customers. The process of supply chain management can actually merge retailers with supplier just as suppliers merge with the manufacturers. Some companies choose to use various different suppliers for their products while other companies choose to use a single supplier for their product. Personally I worked for a video game company called FuncoLand which was purchased by a company called Babbages, which merged with Electronics Boutique. After the merger the name of the company was changed to GameStop which is now the largest video game retailer in the United States. The thing that makes this important to this paper is that when FuncoLand was purchased by Babbages the supply chain changed. The change in the supply chain meant that all orders must be relooked at to insure the same profit levels for products that GameStop enjoyed. The single supplier for GameStop was replaced by the numerous different suppliers of Babbages. Every item of inventory needed to be checked to make sure they reflected a price that was going to produce profit for the merged FuncoLand and Babbages stores. Inventory charts were created and every store of both needed to inventory all items listed so that they could be compared with the new companies overall stock as well as profit ratios. Once the inventories of both companies were done there was a coordinating effort by upper management to determine prices of available product as well as the suppliers that were going to deal which each stores location. The numerous different suppliers made each location different in their ordering and inventory procedures. As could be expected this made it very difficult for these merged companies to be individually managed by the district and upper management. Each individual store was looked at by the store managers and was expected when issues arose to contact headquarters immediately. The buyout of these two merged companies by Electronic Boutique turned out to be a blessing in disguise for all involved. Electronic Boutique used a single supplier had dealt with the same supplier for years and had already worked out their profit ratios (including the purchase cost of the two companies) and store management once again needed to inventory their entire product for the new owners. The name was changed to GameStop and all store locations now used the same supplier and the prices for each store location were set by upper management. Ordering was done automatically based on the initial stores inventory counts and the new POS systems. While I understand there is an alternate definition for POS in this instance it refers to â€Å"point of sale†. The point of sale system was built using the store’s inventory, and orders for products were made, when the sales reached a certain level. Once a product reached a certain level of sales and did not continue to sell the item was automatically removed from the automatic reorder listing. The product would not be reordered into that store location unless it was a pecial order done by the stores management and usually had to be presented with a reason for the order to be made. In the four years that I worked for GameStop I only ever had to use this feature one time. A customer wanted Final Fantasy 7, new and unopened, and this was well over a year after the initial release of the game. The suppliers notified the upper management that they could do this, and I placed an order for the product as a full pre-sale, which means that the money was available to GameStop before the product was available to the customer. Being the only time this issue ever arose for me while working at GameStop it was an interesting learning experience about how a supply chain management process works. â€Å"The descriptive model presented is useful in settings where organizational structure and the supply chain are needed to support sustainable products and processes and whose success is facilitated by establishing strategic partners, especially those that make possible economies of scale†. Pullman Dillard, 2010) Since one of the primary reasons for using supply chain management is to reduce inventory and cost for a company, GameStop has achieved what neither FuncoLand nor Babbages were able to because their use of a single supplier made achieving profit that much more possible for the mangers making their store orders. â€Å"Most of the decline is due to more efficient cash and inventory management†. (Ross, Westerfield, Jaffe, Jordan, 2010) The main purpose of examining the supply chain management method is insuring that the retailer gets the best uses of their supplier(s). Minimizing shortages, while acquiring profits, in an attempt to optimize the proper supply for each location, is another purpose of using supply chain management. The strategy can be difficult to implement for those unaware of the procedures. I must admit that I did not realize the purpose (or the concept) of supply chain management, at the time I worked for GameStop. Looking back at my time at GameStop has led me to a new appreciation for the business that was built off of the back of FuncoLand.

Ruperts Land: The Division Lies Only in Interpretation :: American America History

Rupert's Land: The Division Lies Only in Interpretation I sit here and I consider myself a young and developing Historian. I consider Frits Pannekoek and Irene M. Spry to be similar historians, yet with more knowledge, age, and experience. What I am sure does not differ between myself, these Authors and other related Historians, is a certain degree of ability to take a piece(s) of work and critically canalize it. I have done just that recently. I have taken the essays, The Flock Divided: Fractions and Feuds at Red river by Frits Pannekoek and The Metis and Mixed-Bloods of Rupert's Land before 1870 by Irene M. Spry, and I have done my own critical analysis. I believe that both Authors are very persuasive in their respective essay, however when analysed and broken down the reader can see that aspects of both essays can be used to determine that just like any groups of a society the two Native groups of Rupert's land were at times separated other times they were not. I would tend to sway more to Spry's well researched essay, but Pannekoek's positive points must also be mentioned to get a broad picture. This is best done by addressing the respective essay one at a time, then bringing some ideas together. Before I get right down to analyse Pannekoek and Spry I must give the general background that the two essay use as their base. The Rupert's Land of Red River has many ethnic groups. The two that are concentrated on, as Pannekoek I believe accurately puts it, are the English speaking Protestant mixed blood (Half-breeds, respectively) and the French speaking Catholic mixed blood (Metis, respectively) . It must also be know the location of Rupert's Land to get a proper mental picture of the events. Rupert's Land, Red River, was in what today would be (fill in later when you find location). The main point that Frits Pannekoek makes in her essay is as follows. Panekoek reasons that there are differences between the Metis and the Half-breeds that led them to form to groups apart from each other, with a bitter relationship between the two . Pannekoek believes that "In fact there was little unity between the two groups during the Riel Resistance" . I must start of my first main point by saying that essential there is much reliability to what Frits Pannekoek is saying.

Learning Outcome Essay

Be able to conduct and record assessments in accordance with internal and external processes and requirements 2.1 Review the assessment requirements and related procedures of learning programmes (AQA. 2012).Assessment is the process by which a learner’s skills and knowledge are reviewed in order to evaluate what they have learnt or in the case of NVQs, how they are performing against the competencies they are required to demonstrate. I see classroom assessment as having four main purposes. The first three include: Diagnostic or needs assessment purpose: To determine what students already know so teachers can decide the topics and approaches to use. Formative purpose for teacher: To assess student knowledge or performance on some key topic or dimension to inform instructional plans. Summative purpose: To judge or evaluate student performance (i.e., give a grade). In addition, research is increasingly clear that the quality of the feedback teachers give students relative to how to improve is an absolutely critical aspect of classroom assessment.(Serve, 2006) This leads to the fourth purpose: Formative purpose for students: To help students develop the skills to reflect critically on their own work. By asking students to assess themselves, teachers encourage students to engage in the type of higher-order thinking necessary for life today. The aim of assessment therefore is primarily to educate and improve student performance, not merely audit it. Assessment will ensure that learners are fairly, accurately and regularly assessed in a consistent manner, provide diagnostic information that assists both staff and learners/ candidates to provide, appropriate support to enable achievement of the learning outcomes (initial assessment), allow learners/ candidates to monitor their own progress, enable tutors to review and develop their learning programmes to achieve their intended learning outcomes, provide evidence of progress and achievement to enable accreditation and progression to take place, enable a dialogue between the learners/ candidates and tutor / assessors to ensure progression within the provision (tracking) and provide a measure of the learner’s achievement on qualification based courses (grades). (Barnet College Assessment Policy, Jan 11, 2010) FIG.1 Scheme of Assessment It is imperative that internal assessments are conducted by staff that have the appropriate knowledge, understanding and skills, that assessment evidence provided by candidates has been produced and authenticated according to the requirements of the specification and also that the consistency of the internal assessment is secured through internal standardisation as necessary. (www.llantarnamschool.net/). In recent years, assessment of student achievement has been receiving the attention of teachers, parents, researchers and education systems. This attention has highlighted assessment as integral to the teaching and learning process. Current assessment practices need to reflect changes based on new understandings of learning theories, new curricula that are being developed, new knowledge and skills that are necessary for the 21st Century and the accountability requirements of systems and governments. In this respect assessment of student achievement is changing as today’s stude nts face a world that demands new knowledge, skills and behaviours that have not yet been defined (Segers et al 2003). Students, in this fast and ever changing context, need not only develop deep understandings of disciplines but also develop the ability to analyse, synthesise and make inferences as well as think critically and problem solve. Assisting students to develop these knowledge, skills and behaviours and become life-long learners requires changes in the assessment processes at the school and classroom level. Assessment may be initial, formative or summative. (Hampshire Learning Policy and Procedures for Assessment and Internal Verification, Nov, 2012) As a history teacher I use different types of assessments to assess whether teaching has taken place in my lessons. When teachers’ classroom assessments become an integral part of the instructional process and a central tenet in their efforts to help students learn, the benefits of assessment for both students and teachers will be boundless. The purpose of these assessments is to ascertain the student’s levels of understanding and see if there is any room for improvement and whether there are any weaknesses so as to be able to correct them. My focus is to improve my assessments to make them motivating and to enhance student learning. Assessment challenges that have been identified are as follows: Figuring out what really is important  for students to know and be able to do in history. Teaching the skills of â€Å"doing history† in a world of testing that often seems to value only factual knowledge. Identifying and using assessments that provide teachers with better information than only multiple-choice exams. Getting students motivated to do a good job on essays and other written work. Helping students learn to improve their own work and produce quality products. Holding students accountable for quality work, as opposed to them just turning in something. The assessments have to be conducted and recorded in accordance with internal and external processes and requirements. I use these assessments to evaluate my practice and to identify any opportunities for improvement. FIG. 2 Assessment objectives Good assessments should follow these basic principles or the acronym AVRFI. Authenticity: All assessment activity must have in place processes to ensure that the achievement is the learner’s/ candidate’s own work. Learners/ candidates must sign a statement to this effect. Awarding Bodies boards have their own rules and regulations about authenticity and tutors/ assessors must make themselves familiar with them and abide by them. Validity: The method of assessment and the evidence provided must be appropriate and capable of demonstrating the achievement of learning outcomes/ competencies and related assessment criteria of the provision at the appropriate level. Reliability and consistency: The assessment results should be standardised across levels and provision. Moderation and standardisation must follow the College and Awarding Bodies board procedures. Fitness for purpose: Assessment must be fit for the learners/ candidates and the learning. The assessment strategy must be clearly appropriate for the target group of learners/ candidates in the correct context in which they are learning e.g. homework must be supportive, or initial diagnostic must not be intimidating. The criteria and methods which are being used to judge the work must be clear to the learner, staff and internal and external moderators /verifiers and meet and exceed the requirements of QCA/QAA, the awarding bodies and our learner/ candidate charter. Inclusiveness: Assessment should be based on learners’/ candidates’ needs. It must allow all learners/ candidates to demonstrate their achievements regardless of individual circumstances. Students, in this fast and ever changing context, need not only develop deep understandings of disciplines but also develop the ability to analyse, synthesise and make inferences as well as think critically and problem solve. Assisting students to develop these knowledge, skills and behaviours and become life-long learners requires changes in the assessment processes at the school and classroom level. Current learning theories attempt to capture all the parameters of human learning and provide information on how people learn. Common threads through learning theories indicate directions that have important implications for the educative process. (www.barnetsouthgate.ac.uk/ ) My assessments are divided into three distinct classes, which are: initial/diagnostic, formative and summative assessments. Initial/diagnostic Assessments: This is a crucial part of the learning process that provides the information needed to decide a learner’s starting point. These assessments take place prior to the course commencement and it helps teachers to know and recognize about learners needs or aspects. Practically it helps me to identify the learners prior knowledge, such as learner needs or difficulties for which I may plan an additional support for them (Reece, I. and Charlton, M. 2007). This can also help me to check if they have any evidence based recognition of prior learning (RPL). Initial assessments can assist me check their literacy, numeracy and ICT levels and are considered to evaluate student skills, knowledge, strength and areas for developments. Formative Assessments: These are on-going assessments that take place throughout the course process. Formative assessment is focused on improving student motivation and learning with the goal of producing higher–quality work or thinking. There are two different audiences for formative assessment. One audience is the teacher. That is many teachers might check student understanding by asking questions or by observing students as they discuss a topic in small groups. These teachers are informally collecting data that will help them determine what needs to happen next in instruction. So the teacher is therefore the data user. The second audience for formative assessment is the student. Students need to know what will move their essay answer on a particular question from a C to an A. They need to know what it means to read content deeply for understanding and how their strategies for studying content can be improved. Research shows that providing students with effective feedback can increase  student achievement significantly (Marzano, Pickering, & Pollock, 2001). Feedback is most effective when it is timely, occurring within one to two days of the work; when it provides feedback specific to the student’s work; and when it is relative to a criterion or standard. Formative assessment can therefore be said to assess learners’ performance and understanding levels during the course and learning session. In my classes I use different methods to assess my learners. They can be questions and answers (Why, When, How, What), multiple choice questions (A, B, C, D), Practical tests, Assignments, and the final project (Reece, I. and Charlton, M. 2007). These assessments can be set as an internal assessment, for example before I start my lesson, I can do a ten minutes quiz test on my pervious lesson in order to find out and monitor my students learning process (How much they understand), highlight any areas which need further development, and lastly to see if they are able and ready for the last assessment on the course or what’s so called summative assessments. Types of Formative Assessment There is a large range of formative assessment methods available. This includes, Question and Answer in the Lesson This is perhaps the most commonly used method and is almost instinctive for teachers. It gives instant feedback, can be used to develop motivation but is largely ephemeral – that is to say that it is momentary and difficult to record. Short Tests and Quizzes These are either from textbooks or devised by the teacher. These are informal, can be fun and marks can be simply recorded. Used with care they can become part of everyday teaching and learning. Homework Exercises These vary in purpose, design and complexity. ‘Purpose’ is the key word here. Students will make good use of homework if they feel it is useful, for example, preparation of material for a class discussion, seeing how a piece of writing ends, developing a skill, are all appealing tasks. Skills Assessment using Formal Assessment Criteria These may be the foundation for many skills-based courses. This method  requires experience in ‘on the hoof’ assessment and systematic recording. Observation of Performance This is often used in the arts such as music and skill assessment such as team and leadership exercises. It needs expert and experienced assessors. Assignments This term spans a vast range of tasks but an example might be individual research assignments say for a group project. A very useful and increasingly used method, especially in conjunction with homework. May involve library and internet investigations, visits and interviews. However it is difficult to manage and assess. Projects Increasingly used in modern education as it is felt that developing your own learning material/methods gives you an ‘ownership’ of your own learning experience. The assessment methods of the various project components need careful design and clear communication to the students. Written Questions / Exercises with Short, Extended or Multiple-choice Answers Very widely used. Easy to design, mark and assess. Simulations, Business Games Almost guaranteed to produce lively learning sessions. Can teach a number of skills imaginatively and effectively. The better ones contain useful directions to possible methods of assessment. May well be time-consuming. Conferencing / Reviews / Audit This involves sitting down with learners and reviewing their written work/homework/progress in general. A very useful and beneficial process for teachers and students. Can be used to introduce care, involvement and motivation into the teacher-learner relationship. Three points to watch when operating it as a method. 1. It can be time consuming as you have to give all students a review session. (If you do not – those who are omitted will feel rejected!) 2. If you do it in class you must ensure that those not involved have something useful to be getting on with. 3. Make notes on student performance immediately after the review, not during it. Summative Assessments: Summative assessment looks at whether a student has achieved the desired learning goals or met standards. In the classroom, summative assessments usually occur at the end of instruction and document what  students have learned. Looking at the grades in a teacher’s grade book should give an idea of what the ke y instructional goals or outcomes were for a grading period. These grades most likely represent summative assessments (tests, quizzes, projects, reports, written assignments etc) that tell the teacher whether the student has mastered the skills or learned the content. A key aspect of summative assessment is determining which level students need to master the content or thinking. Tests that define mastering content at the level of memorizing events, names and facts are less likely to building students’ thinking skills than tests that ask students to write about big conflicts or themes that recur over time. Therefore good summative assessments are useful. The assessment must provide you with useful information about student achievement in the course. The assessment must be tied to the learning goals you have and those learning goals must be important. If you assess unimportant or trivial concepts or just use chapter tests without really looking at the items critically in terms of whether they reflect your teaching, what have you learned a bout what your students know? Valid for your purposes, the assessment must measure what it is supposed to measure. For example, if you ask students to draw a map reflecting the change in U.S. borders from 1789-1820, you will need to ensure that the assessment is scored based on students’ understanding of the concepts not based on their ability to draw. Sometimes, the way the test is presented (e.g., small print with lots of complicated or confusing directions or too many items) can make it a less valid measure of the content being tested. It may be more a measure of student persistence than a measure of their knowledge of the content. As a teacher, taking a test yourself before giving it to your students will help ensure that the items reflect content you actually taught. It will also help you to decide if there are some aspects of the questions or layout that are content irrelevant, representing extraneous hurdles for students that could be simplified. Reliable, reliability has to do with the extent to which the score you give a student on a particular assessment is influenced by unsystem atic factors. These factors are things that can fluctuate from one testing or grading situation to the next or from one student to the next in ways that are unrelated to students’ actual achievement level (e.g., luck in guessing the right answer, lack of time to complete the assessment on a  particular day, teacher bias or inconsistency in scoring of essays across students or from one test to the next). Thinking about how to reduce these factors such that the scores given are likely to be the most accurate reflection of students’ true achievement levels on the task or test should be an on-going process for teachers. Fair. The assessment must give the same chance of success to all students. For example, a large project that is done at home can be biased against low-income students, favouring students whose parents have extra time to help them over those whose parents need to work. In this type of assessment I can participate in forming and marking final examinations, selection type questions (Explanations, Definition and Diagrams), nature type questions (Alternative, Multiple choice, or Compulsory), and dissertation assessments (Reece, I. and Charlton, M. 2007). Whether learning can be called the process of human change and transformation or the acquisition of knowledge and expertise, it â€Å"always entails participation in relationship and community transformation both of the person and of the social world† (Packer & Goicoechea, 2000). Summative Assessment Methods currently in use include: Unseen Examination in controlled conditions (e.g. 3 questions in 3 hours) Seen exam paper in controlled conditions (as above, but you know the question(s) in advance) Open Book or Take-Away exam Multiple Choice Test in controlled conditions (paper-based) In-class test Essay or Report (e.g. on an individual or group project) Portfolio Dissertation Presentation (may be peer-assessed and/or tutor-assessed) Performance (e.g. musical or dramatic) Oral examination (e.g. foreign language speaking skills) Attendance Participation in lectures and/or seminars/online discussion boards, or group work (may be peer-assessed and/or tutor-assessed) Creation of a web page Learning theory emphasises learning with understanding. This means that teaching approaches should emphasise understanding rather than memorisation and teachers should assess for understanding rather than surface knowledge  and recall of facts. Current learning theory emphasises the importance of earning with understanding (Bransford et al, 2000). Bruner (1915-) supports this with his discovery learning theory. This is an inquiry- based, constructivist learning theory that takes place in problem solving situations where the learner draws on his or her past learning experience or and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationships and new truths to be learned. He states that children are better off discovering facts and relationships for themselves. This means that curriculum and teaching approaches should emphasise understanding rather than memorisation, should provide opportunities for in-depth study to allow for firm foundation of knowledge and conceptual development and should enhance student abilities to recognise and use meaningful patterns of information. Assessment processes, then, demonstrate deep understanding of concepts rather than surface knowledge and recall of facts. Learning Outcome 3 Understand expectations in relation to the minimum core in assessing learners in lifelong learning 3.1 Review ways in which minimum core elements can be demonstrated in assessing learners in lifelong learning. Key skills have become established as an integral part of the vocational curriculum. They are also becoming an increasingly important part of many academic programmes. There has been a longstanding concern in this country with the standards of literacy and numeracy of the population. The 1992 DES discussion paper on Curriculum Organization and Classroom Practice in Primary Schools stated that to function effectively in the 21st Century, our children will need higher standards of literacy and numeracy than ever before’ (DES, 1992:11) and led to the introduction of the literacy hour in schools in 1998 and the establishment of the teaching assistant role in an attempt to raise the standards of literacy and numeracy. Functional skills now form a core part of all four of the different qualification routes open to young people such as GCSE/ A Level, Foundation, Diploma and Apprenticeship as well as being a stand-alone qualification in their own right at Entry Level, Level 1 and Level 2. The minimum core identifies two requirements placed on teachers working within the sector. The first of these requires teachers to recognise the ways in which low levels of  literacy, numeracy and ICT skills might constitute a barrier to the learning of their students. This means that within the teaching of their own particular subject specialism, teachers should be able to support learners in these areas, which then leads to the second requirement that they themselves should possess a minimum level of personal skills in these areas, currently set at level 2. FIG.3 Functional Elements In my practice, I formally and informally assess the learners’ literacy skill by demonstrating the ability to read, write clearly and improve on their vocabulary during the lesson with their self / peer / group work through talking with, listening to and observing them, and after the lesson; through reading and marking learner work, then give a positive feedback as emphasized by Lewis and Wray (2001, P51). For example, during one of the history classes titled important dates with the LO: To be able to read and write big numbers in words. Using Q & A, I listened to each learners as they try to call out the number (1910) written on the smart board, and observe their work as they try to write it down in words (one thousand, nine hundred and ten) in their individual notebooks. I checked their work for the spelling, correct placing the comma, before ticking in front of the sides of each correct work with a red pen to encourage and praise the learners efforts, and commenting positiv ely with well done, good effort feedback (Ellis. 2011). Learners that made mistakes got a dot at the side of the error to help them visualize and adjust their work accordingly. FIG.5: STIRRING LEARNING (2013) Diagnostic assessment for learners as required by the national curriculum can be used to identify and improve their minimum core skills, and knowledge through observation and questioning as they show competency and understanding towards the subject. The proposal for reform in the 14-19 sectors suggest that the teaching and learning of functional skills can be achieved through a number of different approaches ranging from discrete lessons through to fully embedding them within subject delivery. The Excellent Gateway defines embedding as teaching and learning which combines the development of literacy, language and numeracy with vocational and other  skills and suggests that the skills acquired should provide the learners with the confidence, competence and motivation necessary for them to succeed in life, at work and in life. Embedding therefore seeks to integrate the teaching of subject matter and functional skills, taking advantage of naturally occurring circumstances in which the two come together. This type of approach is quiet resource –intensive but it is expected that in the long term functional skills will remain the responsibility of specialists in this area but will be reinforced in the rest of the curriculum in all the other sessions.(DCSF: 2009:6). The issue was felt to be so important that the LLUK suggested in 2007, that all initial teacher training courses must equip all the trainees so that they are able to teach their own learning programmes in ways that take account of the language, literacy, numeracy and ICT needs of their learners. They also added that all the teachers need to be confident in working with colleagues to ensure that the development and needs of language, literacy, numeracy and ICT of their learners are met. The three skills of communication, application of number and information technology are now normally an integral part of all GNVQ qualifications. Teachers have to demonstrate through assessment and verification how they are including th ese skills in their assignments for the course. The Dearing Review of 16-19 qualifications (Dearing, 1996) highlighted the importance of students developing these skills on each of the main routes into the National Qualifications Framework. Accordingly QCA in conjunction with the main awarding bodies has developed key skills units from level one to level three which can be incorporated into different courses. â€Å"Coverage of the minimum core is intended to provide a teacher with the minimum level of skills in language, literacy, numeracy and ICT (LLN & I) that are essential to teachers who work in the lifelong learning sector.† City and Guilds (2008:3) Learners’ particular literacy, language, numeracy and ICT needs can be established through initial assessment, talking to learners, observing them completing activities or using simple self- assessment tests. â€Å"Recognizing and using a variety of different teaching styles is particularly important to support literacy, language and number skills development. Learn ers working towards literacy, language, and numeracy goals will benefit from teaching which work to their strengths. The teaching styles which you adopt will have an impact on the type of language skills  your learners will need to acquire. A didactic approach for example, may require listening and note taking skills predominantly, whereas a more learner – centred approach may require higher level reading skills as learners are asked to interpret information for them. Even when we are trying to adapt to individual learning styles, the variety of activity used will have an impact on the language skills required within a particular programme of study. The language demands placed on learners are a direct result of teacher led mediation of learning.† [Skills for Life Quality Initiative Training Materials] Teachers of all areas of specialism in the lifelong learning sector increasingly work with learners whose literacy, language, numeracy and ICT skills are below Level 2 of the Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF). Learners’ difficulties in these areas can be a barrier to achievement of their goals. Teachers and trainee teachers will have high levels of skill in their own area of specialism. They are not expected to be specialist teachers of literacy, language, numeracy or ICT. However, there will be many naturally occurring activities for developing these skills within all areas of learning. The minimum core provides a foundation upon which all teachers can develop their own skills as well as their ability to identify when it is appropriate to work with subject specialists. (Minimum Core of Teachers’ Knowledge, Understanding and Personal Skills Pg. 3, LLUK 2007, updated LSIS 2013). Therefore they also need the knowledge and skills to identify opportunities for their learners to develop the increasingly higher levels of skills in literacy, language, numeracy and ICT required when taking other qualifications and in the workplace. Work done by teachers who specialise in teaching literacy, language, numeracy and ICT forms part of the solution, but there is also much that teachers of other areas of specialism can do to ensure the success of their learners. Functional skills are focused on the practical skills that allow individuals to engage confidently, effectively and independently in life, further learning and work. The intended added value of functional skills was that they equip people to apply English, ICT and mathematics in practical situations, choosing appropriate skills and techniques to solve problems. So functional skills should be integrated into the curriculum and allow learners to apply these skills in real life. The knowledge within the subject has to be linked with the practical skills, helping them to think  creatively. Wilson (2009) In the context of the Skills for Life strategy, embedded teaching and learning combines the development of literacy, language and numeracy with vocational and ot her skills. The skills acquired provide learners with the confidence, competence and motivation necessary for them to progress, gain qualifications and to succeed in life and at work. Individuals at any age who possess these skills will be able to participate and progress in education, training and employment as well as develop and secure the broader range of aptitudes, attitudes and behaviours that will enable them to make a positive contribution to the communities in which they live and work. (National Numeracy, For Everyone for life, 2013) Literacy skills help build the confidence of an individual while reading, writing, speaking and listening. It helps effective communication where information can be passed clearly through either speaking or writing. It helps understand information and act appropriately. It helps to make presentations, write reports, take part in group discussions and analyse ideas and information. It helps present information in a logical sequence, in the correct format usi ng correct grammar. I used the question and answer as well as the brainstorming method to assess the literacy skills of my learners. In groups learners also constructed sentences from jumbled up words, making sure that the sentences were grammatically correct. It is important that learners master literacy skills so they can converse and communicate adequately in a globalised community. I found that some people would struggle in their chosen work as they lack the requisite literacy skills to communicate and be understood. Numeracy skills help to understand various mathematical concepts, and also how to apply them. It helps increase analytical, problem solving and reasoning skills, identify errors and validate results. It helps use numbers and calculations to process data, solve complex problems and helps with logical working, interpretation and comparison of results in various forms like tables, graphs, charts and diagrams. These skills are the cornerstone of an increasingly computerised and scientific world and it is vital that learners are proficient in them. Although my lesson was history I used numeracy skills by asking different dates of major historical events like the start of the Second World War. Learners were able to state how long the conflict took by subtracting the start date from the end. ICT skills help an individual to confidently use  ICT systems for various purposes. Individuals can use ICT to interpret information and can also enhance their learning and improve the quality of their work. They can find information from a variety of sources. It also helps with digital or electronic communication, interpretation, storage and retrieval of information. Learners will also use ICT to look for more information regarding their work on the web, and gain ideas from different sources and also be able to compare, review or evaluate their results or conclusion with the results of the other various sources available, thereby improving their ICT skills. They can also be motivated to use spread sheets to draw tables and graphs, and use word processor to edit the literature. I used an interactive board and a web based presentation to illustrate the use of ICT in my lesson. Most educational research on literature and numeracy development is based on children. Key educational theories tied to child development provide a useful starting point for a description and contrast with some of the available models of adult learning that can be drawn on by vocational and academic tutors. ( Hickely, J. 2013 ) I am going to reflect on the strategies that can be used to support learners as they develop their literacy skills within an embedded setting. I am also going to use this opportunity to reflect upon the rationale for embedding functional literacy skills into vocational and academic settings. There are a number of theories relating to how language is acquired but in general terms it is accepted that language development is innate but must be developed through exposure to language. In effect this means that language is developed through nature and nurture. Behaviourist learning was made popular by Skinner, (1973) and is based on what can be seen and described. He suggested that children acquire language skills through imitation and reinforcement through positive reinforcement by those around them. The main basis for this belief is that children who do not hear language spoken do not speak and that children who are exposed to language acquire language skills gradually. In this instance it is therefore important for the learners to be totally immersed in language skills as they learn. This will help them master literacy skills as they learn other subjects. Learning Outcome 4 Be able to evaluate own assessment practice Review the effectiveness of own assessment practice, taking account of the views of learners As well as assessing the learners, self-evaluation is a mark of professionalism in teaching. Hounsell (2009:20) calls it â€Å"an integral part of good professional practice†. Self- assessment involves learners taking responsibility for monitoring and making judgements about their own learning. This is a process that does always not come easily to all learners as they do not always value or trust their own judgements, or have the necessary skills to make a judgement. As a result self-assessment often requires a strong structure in the initial stages until learners or teachers feel more comfortable with it as a process and have acquired the skills required to make it a worthwhile activity. Just as many of us, consciously or unconsciously, tend to use those teaching strategies we experienced as learners, so our own experience of being assessed plays a key role in the development of our r epertoire as a teacher. (Armitage et al, 2003:154) The nature and impact of assessment depends on the uses to which the results of that assessment are put. A system whose main priority is to generate information for internal use by teachers on the next steps in pupils’ learning may have different characteristics and effects from one where the drive is to produce a qualification which will provide a grade on which an employer or a university admissions tutor might rely in order to judge the suitability of a candidate for employment or further study. (Mansell et al 2009:5) Novice teachers often have intrinsic motives for evaluation. They want to know whether they are doing well or as expected. They might wish to discover their own strengths and weaknesses and compare their performance with that of experienced colleagues whom they respect Hounsell, (2009:23). However, once the novice has achieved a desired comfort level with the teaching role, continued self-evaluation guards against complacency and enables on-going improvement and freshness, helping to maintain job satisfaction. Assessment and instruction are often conceived as curiously separate in both time and purpose†. The measurement approach to classroom assessment, â€Å"exemplified by standardized tests and teacher-made emulations of those tests,† presents a barrier to the implementation of more constructivist approaches to instruction. (Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 4) The central ideas of social efficiency and scientific management in the curriculum circle were closely linked, respectively, to  hereditarianism theories of individual differences and to associationist and behaviourist learning theories. These psychological theories were, in turn, served by scientific measurement of ability and achievement. For John Franklin Bobbitt, a leader in the social efficiency movement, a primary goal of curriculum design was the elimination of waste (1912), and it was wasteful to teach people things they would never use. Bobbitt’s most telling principle was that each individ ual should be educated â€Å"according to his capabilities.† These views led to a highly differentiated curriculum and a largely utilitarian one that disdained academic subjects for any but college preparatory students. Alongside these curriculum theories, Edward Thomdike’s (1922) associationism and the behaviourism of Hull (1943), Skinner (1938, 1954) and Gagne (1965) conceived of learning as the accumulation of stimulus-response associations. (Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 5) Thorndike was both the originator of associationist learning theory and the â€Å"father† of â€Å"scientific measurement. The cognitive revolution reintroduced the concept of mind. In contrast to past, mechanistic theories of knowledge acquisition, we now understand that learning is an active process of mental construction and sense making. From cognitive theory we have also learned that existing knowledge structures and beliefs work to enable or impede new learning, that intelligent thought involves self-monitoring and awareness about when and how to use skills, and that â€Å"expertise† develops in a field of study as a principled and coherent way of thinking and representing problems, not just as an accumulation of information. (Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 5) In my experience I have found out that the data you collect for yourself can be formative and forward looking, whereas other available feedback data tends to be more summative and backward looking. Extrinsic motivations for evaluation cannot be ignored. There may be requirements connected with your formal status as to probation and ‘tenure’, monitoring by external bodies such as the Quality Assurance Agency, and you may wish to seek personal recognition of your teaching expertise through schemes such as that of the Higher Education Academy. In the context of my own teaching practice I would begin initial assessment within the classroom using an ice breaker. This not only allows the group to get to know each other, but also identifies participants existing knowledge or skills and gives further  indications of preferred learning styles and tendencies. Based on the key questions within the CIF (The Common Inspection Framework used by Ofsted and the Adult Learning Inspectorate (ALI) as the basis for inspecting post-16 education and training focuses on the learner and learning. is : How well do learners learn, progress and ultimately achieve ?(Jones 2005:20) Alternatively other forms of assessment such as questions and answers or a quiz could be used. This gives a good starting point for work on students Individual Learning Plan (ILP) which will constantly evolve with the use of feedback and communication between student and tutor giving a clear picture of progress a and revised goals. I would endeavour to use all of the above assessment activities particularly focusing on those that provide an active learning experience, where learning is more enjoyable, better understood and recalled more effectively, teaching by doing. All activities would be supported by hand outs given at the start of the session. Assessment makes teaching effective teaching. Mere presentation, without assessment of what the learners have made of what you have offered them—is not teaching. So assessment is not a discrete process, but integral to every stage of teaching. So, that at the end, learning is believed, with evidence to have taken place (Jones 2005) In conclusion recording provides the platform from which teachers can base their reporting to others and is a mechanism for evaluating learning and teaching. A succinct account of teaching and learning aims as in a scheme of work. This usually follows the curriculum and is a brief indication of the teaching methods REFERENCES (1) Wilson 2009, Synthesising Affect and Cognition in Teaching and Learning, Social Psychology of Education: an International Journal 12 (2) (2) Shepard, L.A, The Role of Assessment in a Learning Culture, Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 4-14 (3) Segers et al 2003, the role of scaffolding and motivation in CSCL, Computers & Education, November 2012 (4) Reece, I. Walker, S. 2007, Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide, 6th Edition. Sunderland Business Education Publishers Ltd (5) National Numeracy, For Everyone for life, 2013 (6) Edward-Gray, D, Griffin, C, Nasta, T. 2000, Training to Teach in Further and Adult Education, Nelson Thornes. (7) Burhuss Fredrick, Skinner, 1976, About Behaviorism, Vintage Books Edition (8) Julia Hickely, 2013, Literacy for QTLS: Achieving the Minimum Core, Routledge (9) Bransford et al 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition, Brain matter (10) Packer & Goicoechea, 2000, Sociocultural and Constructivist Theories of Learn.pdf (11) Hounsell, D. Enhancing Teaching & Learning in Higher Education, NU2010, Dialog for Là ¤rande, University of Stockholm, 13-15 October 2010 (12) Barnet College, Assessment Policy, www.barnetsouthgate.ac.uk/ (13) Inclusive learning approaches for literacy, language, numeracy and ICT, Companion guide to the minimum core, November 2007 (14) Minimum core of teachers’ knowledge, understanding and personal skills, LLUK 2007, updated LSIS 2013 (15) Hampshire Learning Policy and Procedures for Assessment and Internal Verification, 2012 (16) Bruner, J.S. On Knowing: Essays for the left hand. Cambridge, Mass: Havard University Press, 1967 (17) www.llantarnamschool.net/ (18) Armitage, A. et al ,2003, Teaching and Training in Post-Compulsory Education, 2nd Edition, OUP (19) Gould, J and Roffe-Barentsen, J. 2014. Achieving your Diploma in Education and Training, SAGE (20) Mansell et al., 2009, Nfer, Evidence for Excellence in Education, and Assessment Reform Group. Assessment in Schools: Fit for Purpose? A Commentary by the Teaching and Learning Research Programme. London: Teaching and Learning Research Programme [online]. Available: www.tlrp.org/pub/documents/assessment.pdf[18 September 2014]. (21) Jones C. A. (Dr) 2005: 13-25), Assessment for learning, Published by the Learning and Skills Development Agency. www.LSDA.org.uk (22) AQA. 2012:23. GCSE Specification, Mathematics For exams June 2014 onwards for certification June 2014 onwards, A (3 units, terminally assessed) 4 3 6 0 (23) Barnett. C. A 2012 How to create assessment opportunities that meet the need of learner H34. Cited in SCCD Hand Notes: 2012 Developing Differentiation and Lesson Panning skills. ‘‘Teaching and Learning Styles – Lesson Plans† (24) Coffield, F, Moseley, D.,Hall, E., & Ecclest Celestine 2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning: A systematic and critical review. (25) Ellis, V. (2011: 1-34), Learning and Teaching in Secondary Schools, 4th Edition.115. (26) Gravels, A (2012:96-112). (2nd Edn) Passing PTLLS Assessments Chapter 10, 11, 12 Sage Publications, UK. BIBLIOGRAPH 1) Bagnall, G. et al (2004) the effectiveness of self-assessment on the identification of learner needs, learner activity, and impact on clinical practice. 2) Biggs J. Teaching for quality learning at university. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1999 3) Bloom, B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay Co Inc. 4) Brown, S., Rust, C., Gibbs, G. (1994) Strategies for Diversifying Assessment Oxford Centre for Staff Development, UK 5) Hatfield, Susan. (1992) Department Level Assessment: Promoting Continuous Improvement 6) Nightingale, P., Te Wiata, I.T., Toohey, S., Ryan, G., Hughes, C., Magin, D. (1996) Assessing Learning in Universities Professional Development Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia. 7) Shepherd, Lorrie, (2000) the Role of Assessment in a Learning Culture, Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7, (Oct., 2000), American Educational Research Association Educational Researcher, Vol. 29, No. 7 8) Tummons J, (2007) Becoming a Professional Tutor in the Lifelong Learning Sector Learning Matters, Exeter. 9) University of Hull, (2014), The UK Professional Standards Framework for teaching and supporting learning in higher education.pdf WEBSITES Assessment, Recording & Reporting for Learning http://www.charterhousesquareschool.co.uk/assessment-recording-reportingfor learning.html ASSESSMENT, RECORDING AND REPORTING POLICY (2012) http://www.qehbristol.co.uk/media/PDFs/Policies/assessment%20policy %20juniors%20-%20dec%202012.pdf Assessing learners in lifelong learning – http://qualifications.vtct.org.uk/ unit pdf/UV40815.pdf Difference between Assessment and Evaluation? – http://Uk.ask.com/ question/difference-between-assessment-and-evaluation Engage in assessment; Different ways to assess your students http://www.reading.ac.uk/engageinassessment/different-ways-toassess/ Formative Teaching Methods – http://geoffpetty.com/wp-content uploads/2012/12/FormativeTeachingMethods2.doc How to create assessment opportunities that meet the need of learner H3 – http://charlottepttls.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/how-to-createassessment- opportunities. htmlScheme of Assessment – http:// filestore.aqa.org.uk/subjects/AQA-4365-W-SP-14.PDF The Data Protection Act 2003- httl.www.regulatorylaw.co.uk/data protection.html